![]() The stall aerodynamics of the gloved wing were analyzed and compared with the unmodified wing for the flight speed of 120 knots and altitude of 2300 ft above mean sea level (MSL). Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted to study the low-speed stall aerodynamics of a GIII aircraft's swept wing modified with a laminar-flow wing glove. National Aeronautics and Space Administration — This research team has developed a solid-state electromagnetic device that, when embedded along the leading edge of an aircraft wing, can disrupt laminar air flow on.Īnalysis of Low Speed Stall Aerodynamics of a Swept Wing with Laminar Flow Glove This allows for the experiment to have a much higher probability of having a large extent of natural laminar flow in flight.Įlectro-Magnetic Flow Control to Enable Natural Laminar Flow Wings Results show that with the appropriate inputs, the optimizer is able to match the two dimensional pressure distributions practically across the entire span of the wing glove. The three-dimensional glove shape was optimized with the objective of having a spanwise uniform pressure distribution that matches the optimized two-dimensional pressure distribution as closely as possible. The optimization process uses the Class-Shape-Transformation method to perturb the geometry with geometric constraints that allow for a 2-in clearance from the main wing. TRANAIR, a non-linear full potential solver with a coupled boundary layer code was used as the main tool in the design and optimization process of the three-dimensional glove shape. Therefore, once an initial glove geometry is created from the airfoil, the three dimensional wing glove has to be optimized to ensure that the desired extent of laminar flow is maintained over the entire glove. The airfoil design process does not consider the three dimensional flow effects such as cross flow due wing sweep as well as engine and body interference. The process of designing a laminar flow wing glove starts with creating a two-dimensional optimized airfoil and then lofting it into a three-dimensional wing glove section. This feature gives small birds with rudimentary wings an edge during the evolution of glide performance.Ĭomputational Optimization of a Natural Laminar Flow Experimental Wing GloveĬomputational optimization of a natural laminar flow experimental wing glove that is mounted on a business jet is presented and discussed. At the speeds at which swifts cruise, however, swift-like roughness prolongs laminar flow and reduces drag. This manipulation shows that laminar flow is reduced and drag increased at high speeds. To interpret the function of swift wing roughness, we simulated its effect on smooth model wings using physical models. Our aerodynamic analysis indicates that swifts attain laminar flow over their rough wings because their wing size is comparable to the distance the air travels (after a roughness-induced perturbation before it transitions from laminar to turbulent. By combining laminar area, lift, and drag measurements, we show that average area of laminar flow on swift wings is 69% (n = 3 std 13% of their total area during glides that maximize flight distance and duration-similar to high-performance sailplanes. To understand why the swift does not rely on smooth wings, we used a stethoscope to map laminar flow over preserved wings in a low-turbulence wind tunnel. Sailplanes depend on extreme wing smoothness to increase the area of laminar flow on the wing surface and minimize drag for extended glides. ![]() Wing roughness height is 1-2% of chord length on the upper surface-10,000 times rougher than sailplane wings. However, the overlapping vanes and protruding shafts of their primary feathers make swift wings remarkably rough for their size. Gliding swifts attain laminar flow over rough wings.ĭirectory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)įull Text Available Swifts are among the most aerodynamically refined gliding birds.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |